Free Weekly Instant Tournament - December 13 - Board 2

Board 2
Our side vulnerable

♠ A 7 3  ♥ Q 8  ♦ K J 10 5 3  ♣ A Q 9

RHO passes. I open with one notrump, and partner bids two diamonds, a transfer to hearts. I bid two hearts, and partner bids three diamonds. I have quite a good hand in support of diamonds: five-card support, the queen of partner's primary suit, and aces in the side suits. If partner is interested in slam, I have what he needs.

Of course he isn't necessarily interested in slam. He could be probing for the right game, and my first responsibility is to aid in that probe. If he has a minimum game force, he should have a singleton in one black suit or the other, else he should simply bid three notrump. If his singleton is in spades, three notrump could easily be the wrong game. How do I suggest that?

Three spades shows strength in spades and implies clubs may be a weak spot. Unfortunately, without special agreements there is no way to suggest spades may be a weak spot. This is a flaw in standard methods.

The problem springs from the fact that three hearts is natural. There is no reason it should be. It's foolish to waste a three-level bid to show heart support when you know you are bidding past three notrump. All four-level bids should show heart support, and all three-level bids below three notrump should show diamond support. Since three spades shows good spades, three hearts, by elimination, should show good clubs and concern about spades.

Without that agreement, however, I have a problem. Neither three spades nor a standard three hearts conveys the meaning I want, and I'm not about to sign off in three notrump with such a slam-positive hand. So I decide to bid four diamonds. 

It's dangerous to bid past three notrump at matchpoints with a minor-suit fit. But if partner isn't interested in slam, perhaps five diamonds will be a reasonable spot. It might make when three notrump doesn't. Or it might make when we have only nine tricks in notrump. Also, partner might bid four hearts to show hearts playable in a five-two fit, in which case I can pass.

I bid four diamonds. Partner passes. That was unexpected. I would have thought we were in a game force. RHO leads the ace of hearts.

	NORTH Phillip ♠ A 7 3 ♥ Q 8 ♦ K J 10 5 3 ♣ A Q 9
	SOUTH Robot ♠ K 4 2 ♥ J 9 7 4 3 ♦ A 8 7 4 ♣ 7

West	North	East	South
Robot	Phillip	Robot	Robot
Pass	1 NT	Pass	2 ♦
Pass	2 ♥	Pass	3 ♦
Pass	4 ♦	(All pass)

I see. Partner didn't have a game force. I would have just transferred to hearts and passed with partner's hand. One of the reasons I pre-accept on almost any hand with four trumps is so partner needn't stretch with a marginal invitation like this one.

I have two heart losers and a potential diamond loser. I can ruff both dummy's clubs in my hand, so I need to dispose of dummy's spade loser. West is making that easy for me by leading my suit.

East plays the heart deuce; I play the three. West shifts to the six of clubs. I rise with the ace, ruff a club, and play ace and king of diamonds. Trumps are two-two. I ruff the last club and concede a heart. Making five.

	NORTH Phillip ♠ A 7 3 ♥ Q 8 ♦ K J 10 5 3 ♣ A Q 9
WEST Robot ♠ J 10 9 5 ♥ A K ♦ Q 2 ♣ 10 6 5 3 2		EAST Robot ♠ Q 8 6 ♥ 10 6 5 2 ♦ 9 6 ♣ K J 8 4
	SOUTH Robot ♠ K 4 2 ♥ J 9 7 4 3 ♦ A 8 7 4 ♣ 7

+150 is worth 18%. Almost everyone is bidding a timid three notrump over three diamonds. That doesn't have to make, but East leads a club, presenting declarer with his ninth trick.

A few are taking ten tricks. Should you? For some reason, West doesn't play the club ten at trick one, so declarer wins the trick with his nine. If declarer now runs diamonds, he comes down to the following position (flipping the board to make North dummy):

	NORTH Robot ♠ K 4 2 ♥ J 9 7 4  ♦ -- ♣ --
WEST Robot ♠ Q 8 6 ♥ 10 ♦ -- ♣ K J 8		EAST Robot ♠ J 10 ♥ A K ♦ -- ♣ 10 6 5
	SOUTH Casper M. ♠ A 7 3 ♥ Q 8 ♦ -- ♣ A Q

To score ten tricks, declarer must hope that the defense can't score two club tricks before he can take a heart trick.

To prevent this, East must hold three clubs. (If he holds only a doubleton, declarer can drive a heart honor, duck the club shift, then drive the other heart honor.) Since East must hold two hearts and three clubs, he must come down to a doubleton spade. That means West must hold all his spades. He must also hold three clubs, so the defense can take two clubs. And he must hold a heart as an exit card, so declarer can't endplay him in spades. If the defense does all this, declarer can't score a tenth trick.

In practice, West pitched a spade at his first opportunity. Most declarers, however, did not exploit this error and made only three. So we would have been only slightly below average if partner had not chickened out on his game force and had raised four diamonds to five.

I believe the agreements I outlined after Jacoby and a minor-suit rebid make sense. I glossed over opener's four-level bids, simply stating that they should all show heart support, so let me expand on that idea now. 

Four hearts should be a minimum with heart support, and four clubs should be better than a minimum. (It needn't be much better, since you are limited by the fact that you didn't pre-accept.)

Four diamonds should show support for both suits: three-card heart support and four- or five-card diamond support. The bid suggests diamonds as the strain for slam (using hearts to provide discards) but hearts as the strain for game if partner isn't interested in slam. This is a very useful agreement. Without it, you have to support hearts with support for both suits. If partner turns out to be interested in slam, it can then be hard to steer the hand back to diamonds.  

Free Weekly Instant Tournament - December 13 - Board 1

Board 1
Neither side vulnerable

♠ A J 7 6 3  ♥ K Q 7  ♦ K  ♣ 10 8 7 5

Two passes to me. I open with one spade, LHO passes, and partner bids two diamonds. This bid isn't forcing by a passed hand, and it seems high enough to me. But before I can pass, RHO chimes in with three clubs.

Really? He wasn't willing to open three clubs, but he's willing to come into the middle of a potential misfit auction when both of us have shown decent hands? Ten fourth of trumps, a singleton in partner's suit, and an ace in my suit, which could easily be facing a singleton in partner's hand, make this a clear double.

I double, everyone passes, and I lead the king of diamonds.

	NORTH Robot ♠ K 8 5 4 ♥ A J 6 5 3 ♦ 8 6 ♣ K 3
WEST Phillip ♠ A J 7 6 3 ♥ K Q 7 ♦ K ♣ 10 8 7 5

West	North	East	South
Phillip	Robot	Robot	Robot
		Pass	Pass
1 ♠	Pass	2 ♦	3 ♣
Double	(All pass)

Declarer echoes with dummy's eight, partner plays the five, and declarer follows with the three.

What do I know about the layout? Partner has at least six diamonds and at most two spades. He probably has a singleton club, since RHO would have opened three clubs with ace-queen-jack seventh. That means partner is probably 2-4-6-1. The four-card heart suit is probably why he chose not to open two diamonds. 

Could partner be 2-3-7-1? That would mean we have a heart trick coming. But I doubt it. Chiming in at the three level between two bidding opponents is bad enough as it is. I can't see South's doing that without a singleton somewhere. And "somewhere" has to be hearts.

Could partner have a singleton spade, in which case I can give him spade ruffs? That would make partner either 1-5-6-1 or 1-4-7-1. Partner might pull with those patterns, but that's not clear. He is right to pull if I have this hand, but for all he knows I'm 6-5 in the black suits.

What about high cards? Partner should have 9 or 10 HCP for his two-diamond bid. If he has ace-queen of diamonds, he still needs a queen and a jack or two queens. 

What does declarer have for tricks? If he has ace-queen-jack sixth of clubs, he has six club tricks, one heart, and one spade. If he scores a diamond ruff in dummy, that's nine tricks. So perhaps I should switch to a trump at trick two. If declarer wins and plays another diamond, partner can win and put me in with the spade ace for a second trump play, stopping the ruff. But is that good enough? Perhaps declarer doesn't need the ruff. Perhaps he can make use of the heart suit instead. 

Say I switch to a trump. Declarer wins in his hand. Heart to the ace, ruff a heart, club to dummy, ruff a heart. Dummy now has two good hearts. He draws my trump and leads a spade toward the king. I have no entry to partner's hand to cash diamonds, so he makes an overtrick. In fact, even if partner has a stiff queen or jack of clubs to hold declarer to five club tricks, declarer can still come to nine tricks if I let him set up hearts. 

Forget the trump shift. I need to shift to a spade to kill the late dummy entry. That allows declarer to ruff a diamond, but if partner has a club honor, we can afford that. So long as we kill the heart suit, declarer takes one spade, one heart, five clubs, and a ruff for eight tricks. 

Switching to spades has the additional advantage that I might catch partner with a singleton. I play the ace of spade--four--nine--deuce. Now three of spades--king--queen--ten.

Declarer plays a spade off dummy, and partner ruffs with the queen of clubs as declarer pitches the nine of hearts. The club queen is a good card to see, but I'm surprised declarer is pitching a heart. Could he be 2-2-3-6 after all? 

Partner cashes the diamond ace. Declarer follows with the seven and I pitch a spade. Partner continues with the nine of diamonds and declarer follows with the jack. We've reached this position, with me to play to the current trick:

	NORTH Robot ♠ 8 5 ♥ A J 6 5 3 ♦ -- ♣ K 3
WEST Phillip ♠ J 7 ♥ K Q 7 ♦ -- ♣ 10 8 7 5		♦ 9
	♦ J

This doesn't add up. If declarer is 2-2-3-6, then partner just underled his queen of diamonds to declarer's stiff jack. Did declarer make a truly bizarre three-club bid with

♠ 10 2  ♥ x x  ♦ J 10 x x  ♣ A J x x x ?

I ruff with the club five, forcing dummy's king. Declarer cashes the ace of hearts and pitches the ten of diamonds. OK. 2-1-4-6 after all. I eventually score the club ten for the setting trick.

	NORTH Robot ♠ K 8 5 4 ♥ A J 6 5 3 ♦ 8 6 ♣ K 3
WEST Phillip ♠ A J 7 6 3 ♥ K Q 7 ♦ K ♣ 10 8 7 5		EAST Robot ♠ Q 9 ♥ 10 8 4 2 ♦ A Q 9 5 4 2 ♣ Q
	SOUTH Robot ♠ 10 2 ♥ 9 ♦ J 10 7 3 ♣ A J 9 6 4 2

Plus 100 is worth 93%. Only one other player doubled three clubs. This field is a bunch of ninnies. The other doubler managed to beat it two tricks. At trick two, he shifted to the king of hearts. With the spade entry intact, declarer could now make this. But he took the heart ace, ruffed a heart to his hand, and led the club jack for a backward finesse, finishing down two.

The heart shift makes no sense. If declarer has a stiff heart, it accomplishes nothing. If he has doubleton, he simply ducks, and the defense can't take more than four tricks. The heart suit is a source of tricks for declarer, not for the defense. So you need to attack dummy's side entry.

But, while the spade shift was correct, ace and a spade isn't good enough. Declarer can win the spade, play ace and ruff a heart, play a club to the king, and ruff another heart, stripping me of my last red card. After he cashes his top clubs, we will reach this position:

	NORTH Robot ♠ 8 5 ♥ J 6 ♦ -- ♣ --
WEST Phillip ♠ J 7 6 ♥ -- ♦ -- ♣ 10		EAST Robot ♠ -- ♥ 10 ♦ A Q 9 ♣ --
	SOUTH Robot ♠ -- ♥ -- ♦ J 10 7 ♣ 9

Now he exits with a club, pitching dummy's small heart. I get the spade jack, but I must concede the last two tricks to dummy. I think declarer knew enough about the layout to find this line. A good declarer would have made the hand after my defense.

To beat the contract, I must shift to low spade at trick two. That both kills the heart suit and builds an entry to partner with the spade queen. Now if declarer goes for the end play, I can reach partner to cash his diamonds.

A low spade isn't 100%. If declarer has

♠ Q x x  ♥ 9  ♦ x x x  ♣ A J 9 x x x

ace and a spade gives us the first four tricks, and I still have a club trick coming. A low spade is not a success. So at least my defense wasn't hopeless. 

But I didn't see the endplay coming. If I had seen it, noticed a low spade shift would prevent it, and then chosen to play for ruffs anyway, that would be one thing. As it is, I have to count my defense as an error.

Free Weekly Instant Tournament - October 25 - Board 7

Board 7
Both sides vulnerable

♠ 8 7 5  ♥ A Q 10 6 2  ♦ 9 8 5  ♣ K Q

I'm in first seat. Under normal circumstance, I wouldn't open a "5332" with 11 HCP. But this is a "best-hand" tournament, which means if I don't open, there is a good chance the hand will be passed out. If so, do I mind? Was I likely to go plus had I opened?

If I open with one heart and partner bids one notrump, I can pass. It's forcing, but partner doesn't have a cup of coffee to throw at me. If that happens, we will probably go plus in one notrump. 

If partner bids one spade, however, I have a problem. If I pass, we could easily miss a spade game. But if I rebid one notrump and partner raises to two, I suspect I'm a favorite to go down. All in all, I don't think opening rates to be a winning decision. 

With a balanced ten-count, I would be more tempted to open. I would be less worried about passing a one-spade response. And knowing everyone has exactly 10 HCP is a huge advantage in the play.

I pass. As does everyone else.

Passing the board out is worth 64%. Those who opened typically rebid one notrump over their partner's one spade response and played it there. Let's pretend I did the same and try to predict what would have happened.

	NORTH Robot ♠ A 9 3 2 ♥ 8 7 ♦ A J 6 4 ♣ 10 3 2
	SOUTH Phillip ♠ 8 7 5 ♥ A Q 10 6 2 ♦ 9 8 5 ♣ K Q

West	North	East	South
Robot	Robot	Robot	Phillip in an Alternate Universe
			1 ♥
Pass	1 ♠	Pass	1 NT
(All Pass)

West leads the five of clubs. East takes the ace, dropping my queen, and returns the four of clubs to my king, West following with the eight.

Partner has 9 HCP, so the outstanding high cards must be distributed 10-11.

How should I continue? It looks natural to attack the diamond suit. I can lead the nine and let it ride. If it loses to the king or queen, I can lead the eight next, picking up the suit for three tricks if East holds king-seven or queen-seven doubleton. But that's still only six tricks. I'll need to find the heart king onside to come to seven.

If I need the heart finesse anyway, perhaps I'm better off forgetting about the diamond suit and trying for four heart tricks. I can start with a low heart from my hand, giving West a chance to make a mistake and hop with king doubleton. If that doesn't happen, I get to dummy and lead a heart to the queen, hoping for three-three hearts. 

This offers a better chance to make my contract than playing on diamonds. The problem is, I go down more if it doesn't work. I won't even score the heart ace, because I'll have no entry to my hand. I don't think that's a serious consideration, however. The board will be passed out at most tables, so I need to go plus to get a decent score.

I lead the five of hearts from my hand. West hops with the jack and leads the six of clubs to his partner's jack. I pitch the five of diamonds.

East cashes two more clubs. I pitch a diamond and a spade from each hand. West pitches the three of diamonds and the six of spades. We've reached this position:

	NORTH Robot ♠ A 9 3 ♥ 8 ♦ A J 6 ♣ --
	SOUTH Phillip ♠ 8 7 ♥ A Q 10 6 ♦ 9 ♣ --

East shifts to the spade queen, and West overtakes with the king. I see nothing to gain by winning this trick, so I duck on principle.

West continues with the spade jack. I take dummy's ace, and East follows with the four. East has shown up with the spade queen and ace-jack of clubs. There is room in his hand for the heart king. I lead the heart eight from dummy--five--queen--king. I score only the diamond ace after that. Down four.

	NORTH Robot ♠ A 9 3 2 ♥ 8 7 ♦ A J 6 4 ♣ 10 3 2
WEST Robot ♠ K J 10 6 ♥ K J 3 ♦ Q 7 3 ♣ 8 6 5		EAST Robot ♠ Q 4 ♥ 9 5 4 ♦ K 10 2 ♣ A J 9 7 4
	SOUTH Phillip ♠ 8 7 5 ♥ A Q 10 6 2 ♦ 9 8 5 ♣ K Q

The pairs who played one notrump all floated the diamond nine at trick three. So I would have gotten a zero for down four. I'm happy I didn't open.

Free Weekly Instant Tournament - October 25 - Board 6

Board 6
Opponents vulnerable

♠ 5 4  ♥ K 9  ♦ K Q J 5 4 3 2  ♣ K 4

RHO opens with one spade, and I overcall with two diamonds. LHO bids three diamonds, showing a limit raise or better in spades, and partner bids four diamonds. RHO bids four spades.

I have five losers. Can partner cover three of them? No doubleton is useful, so partner needs three working high cards. That's a limit raise. With a limit raise, partner would have bid three spades rather than gently raising to four diamonds. So five diamonds does not rate to make.

Next question. Can we beat four spades? I have one trick on defense (no tricks in diamonds and half a trick for each side-suit king). Partner needs three tricks to beat this, and I've already expressed my doubt that he has them. So four spades rates to make, and five diamonds should be a good save.

I bid five diamonds. LHO and partner pass, and RHO doubles, ending the auction. LHO leads the seven of spades.

	NORTH Robot ♠ A J 3 ♥ Q 8 7 5 2 ♦ 10 9 8 7 6 ♣ --
	SOUTH Phillip ♠ 5 4 ♥ K 9 ♦ K Q J 5 4 3 2 ♣ K 4

West	North	East	South
Robot	Robot	Robot	Phillip
		1 ♠	2 ♦
3 ♦	4 ♦	4 ♠	5 ♦
Pass	Pass	Double	(All pass)

I can't avoid losing the two red aces. Is there any way I can pitch my spade loser? Spades are three-five, but West doesn't know that. From his point of view, East might have six spades, giving the defense no spade tricks. Further, West doesn't know his partner has no small trumps. So perhaps if I give him a chance to give his partner a heart ruff, he will take it rather than try to cash a spade.

This shouldn't work. Why would I play hearts before drawing trump if East might be ruffing hearts? But it's my only chance. I rise with the ace of spades. RHO plays the six; I play the four. Now deuce of hearts--six--king--ace.

West doesn't fall for it. He lays down the queen of spades, then shifts to the jack of hearts. I win in dummy and claim down one.

	NORTH Robot ♠ A J 3 ♥ Q 8 7 5 2 ♦ 10 9 8 7 6 ♣ --
WEST Robot ♠ Q 8 7 ♥ A J 10 3 ♦ -- ♣ Q 9 7 5 3 2		EAST Robot ♠ K 10 9 6 2 ♥ 6 4 ♦ A ♣ A J 10 8 6
	SOUTH Phillip ♠ 5 4 ♥ K 9 ♦ K Q J 5 4 3 2 ♣ K 4

Minus 100 is worth 57%.

We have a shot at beating four spades. Declarer must pick up the jack of spades. Will he do so? Say I lead the diamond king. Declarer wins in his hand and plays a spade to the queen and ace. Partner returns a spade. What's the right play?

If North has ace doubleton of spades, it makes no difference, so let's assume he has ace third. (Yes, he might have ace fourth. Let's ignore that possibility for now.) Some might think this makes the odds three to two that North has the spade jack. Actually whether that's true or not depends on what we knew about the ace.

There are three ways for North to hold ace-jack third, and there are three ways for South to hold jack doubleton. So if North was known to hold the ace (from the auction perhaps), then it's a toss-up whether to finesse or not. Once you factor back in the possibility that North holds ace-jack fourth, finessing becomes the percentage play, but only by a small margin. If North can't have four spades or if you can't handle the hand if he does, then your play is indeed a toss-up. It's worth remembering this combination, since a lot of players don't realize that. 

In this case, however, North was not known to hold the spade ace until he played it. That makes a difference. Holding ace-empty third, he might duck the queen, but with ace-jack third, he can't afford to duck, since his jack will pop up next. In other words, with ace-jack third, his choice is restricted; with ace-empty third, it isn't. So, when he wins the ace, ace-jack third is more likely by restricted choice. Finessing is now a favorite even without factoring in the four-one break. So if we sell to four spades, declarer should finesse and make his contract.

One player almost managed a top. He bid an imaginative four diamonds over one spade. West bid four spades, and North bid five diamonds. After two passes, West decided to take the push to five spades, making this South the only player who found a way to get a plus score. But then he turned his top into a near zero. After two passes, he saved in six diamonds. There are two good reasons not to bid six diamonds:

1. It violates captaincy. A pre-empt describes your hand, so it's partner's job to make any further decisions. In this case, overruling partner is especially bizarre, since South has more defense than he has promised.
2. If you don't care about theoretical matters like captaincy, there is a practical reason not to save: Not everyone will take the push to five spades. Five diamonds doubled will be the contract at some tables--perhaps many tables. If you compete to six diamonds, you are automatically losing the board to everyone who bought it in five diamonds. So even if you are right, your gain is small. The odds favor defending even if you think five spades is a moderate favorite to make.

Free Weekly Instant Tournament - October 25 - Board 5

Board 5
Our side vulnerable

♠ K 10 4  ♥ 10 7 3  ♦ A 6 5  ♣ A K 5 4

Two passes to me. I have only 14 HCP, but I have three and a half honor tricks and two tens, so I open with one notrump. (No. I'm not "upgrading." I'm evaluating. I'm judging that this hand rightly belongs in the strong notrump category. I find the term "upgrading" annoying, because it implies there is something canonical about the Work point count. There isn't. It's just one method of evaluation.)

LHO bids two clubs, showing a one-suiter but declining to identify the suit. Partner bids two hearts, a transfer to spades. I bid two spades and everyone passes. LHO leads the king of hearts.

	NORTH Robot ♠ J 8 7 6 2 ♥ J 8 6 ♦ Q 9 ♣ Q 7 6
	SOUTH Phillip ♠ K 10 4 ♥ 10 7 3 ♦ A 6 5 ♣ A K 5 4

West	North	East	South
Robot	Robot	Robot	Phillip
	Pass	Pass	1 NT
2 ♣	2 ♥	Pass	2 ♠
(All pass)

It appears West's suit is hearts. I have three hearts losers, a diamond loser, and probably two losers in spades. Unless I can avoid one of those losers, I'm going down.

East plays the deuce of hearts, and I follow with the three. At trick two, West shifts to the three of clubs. That's a strange play. I'm guessing that's a singleton club. But he knows at least one more heart is cashing. What does it cost to cash it? Is he hoping his partner can ruff hearts twice and give him two ruffs? That's awfully greedy. Is he really going to lead a low heart next, risking his partner has a doubleton? Robots don't signal at trick one, so there is no reason his partner couldn't have a doubleton heart.

I might as well win this trick in dummy and try a spade to the ten. I play the club queen, and East follows with the deuce. When I play a spade from dummy, East hops up with the ace. I play the four; West, the three.

East shifts to the jack of clubs. I play the ace, and West ruffs with the nine of spades.

West will presumably cash a heart. When his partner shows out, he will lead a low heart for his partner to ruff, then get a second club ruff, reaching this position:

	NORTH Robot ♠ J 8 7 6 ♥ -- ♦ Q 9 ♣ --
	SOUTH Phillip ♠ K 10 ♥ -- ♦ A 6 5 ♣ 5

At least West will be endplayed at that point if he has the diamond king. So I'll get out for down one.

West cashes the ace of hearts. To my surprise, East follows with the nine. Oh? Here I was assuming West's suit was hearts. Apparently it was diamonds. West presumably has three hearts. With a doubleton ace-king, he would have led the ace, and with four, he might have overcalled two hearts, showing hearts and a minor. So he's either 3-3-6-1 or 2-3-7-1.

I follow with the heart seven. West continues with the five of hearts to East's queen, and East plays another club, which West ruffs with the spade queen, reaching the above position in a different way than I anticipated.

At least I'm right that West is endplayed after taking his ruffs. He has only diamonds left. He leads the king of diamonds, and I claim down one.

	NORTH Robot ♠ J 8 7 6 2 ♥ J 8 6 ♦ Q 9 ♣ Q 7 6
WEST Robot ♠ Q 9 3 ♥ A K 5 ♦ K J 10 8 4 3 ♣ 3		EAST Robot ♠ A 5 ♥ Q 9 4 2 ♦ 7 2 ♣ J 10 9 8 2
	SOUTH Phillip ♠ K 10 4 ♥ 10 7 3 ♦ A 6 5 ♣ A K 5 4

This result is worth 93%! The opponents can make three diamonds and most of the field played it there. A typical auction was

West	North	East	South
	Pass	Pass	1 ♣
1 ♦	1 ♠	Pass	1 NT
2 ♦	Pass	Pass	2 ♠
3 ♦	(All pass)

I'm not sure I would have found that three-diamond bid. One diamond, then two diamonds seems like enough bidding to me, especially when the opponents are probably in a four-three fit. (North will usually bid two spades himself with five.) But West was right to bid on, so who am I to complain?

Our auction gave the West at our table a different problem. The way it timed out, West didn't know my two-spade bid was getting passed out, and he didn't want to bid at the three-level in a live auction. My one-notrump opening gained, as it sometimes does, by making the auction harder for the opponents. Although, interestingly, it wasn't my opening per se that gave West the problem. It was partner's transfer, which kept West in the dark about partner's intentions.